These devices have received an increasing interest from practitioners and researchers and many other interesting field applications to reduce hamstring injuries are currently being published. developed a novel field-testing device, the NordBord, for assessing hamstring eccentric strength, based on the commonly employed Nordic hamstring exercise. tested an instrumented flywheel leg-curl machine that offered eccentric overload for hamstring development. In this context, new alternative tools to isokinetic and handheld dynamometers, with requirements of minimal equipment and easy-to-use in the field, have been developed to verify the effect of eccentric exercises on different eccentric strength measures. Given the severe economic and performance implications of hamstring strain injuries, there are attempts to identify the main risk factors associated with these injuries and to develop efficient prevention strategies. Įccentric exercises are one of the most popular strategies with strong evidence supporting their use for injury prevention. In addition to soccer, hamstring injuries are common in other team sports as American Football, Australian Rules Football, basketball, cricket, rugby, and in individual sports as track and field. A longitudinal analysis between 20 found that hamstring injuries had annually increased by 4% in professional soccer. Despite these limitations, the eccentric strength of hamstring muscles assessed by different devices may be recommended for monitoring the neuromuscular status of athletes.ĭespite the constant evolution of applied sport training tools and technologies, including 24-h monitoring and artificial intelligence, hamstring strain injuries are still the most common injuries in sports involving high-speed running activities. Furthermore, more studies with female athletes are warranted. ![]() ![]() The current evidence is insufficient to recommend a practical guide for sports professionals to use these new technologies in their daily routine, due to the need for standardized definitions and calculations. There is no standardized definition or standardization of the calculation of the used parameters. There is inconsistency regarding the association between eccentric hamstrings strength and both injury risk and athletic performance. The parameters most used were peak force (highest and average), peak torque (average and highest), and between-limb imbalance (left-to-right limb ratio). The pooled sample consisted of 2893 participants (97% male and 3% female: 22 ± 4 years). Seventeen studies were finally included in the review with 4 different devices used and 18 parameters identified. Systematic searches through the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, from inception up to April 2020, were conducted for peer reviewed articles written in English, reporting eccentric strength of hamstrings assessed by devices, different to isokinetic and handheld dynamometers, in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the present systematic review was to summarize the findings of the scientific literature related to the evaluation of eccentric strength of hamstring muscles with these new technologies. To verify the effectiveness of these interventions, different eccentric strength measurements have been used with low-cost devices as alternatives to the widespread used isokinetic dynamometers and the technically limited handheld dynamometers. ![]() One of the strategies reported in the scientific literature is the application of interventions with eccentric exercises. Given the severe economic and performance implications of hamstring injuries, there are different attempts to identify their risk factors for subsequently developing injury prevention strategies to reduce the risk of these injuries. ![]() Sports Medicine - Open volume 7, Article number: 10 ( 2021) Eccentric Strength Assessment of Hamstring Muscles with New Technologies: a Systematic Review of Current Methods and Clinical Implications
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